GMT - Technical Reference and Cookbook

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The Generic Mapping Tools

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Version 4.3.1

Technical Reference and Cookbook

Pål (Paul) Wessel

School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology

University of Hawai'i at Manoa

and

Walter H. F. Smith

Laboratory for Satellite Altimetry

NOAA/NESDIS

May 2008

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Contents
List of Tables
List of Figures
Acknowledgments
The GMT Documentation Project
A Reminder
Copyright and Caveat Emptor!
Typographic conventions
1. Preface
- 1.1 What is new in GMT 4.x?
2. Introduction
- References
3. GMT overview and quick reference
- 3.1 GMT summary
- 3.2 GMT quick reference
4. General features
- 4.1 GMT units
- 4.2 GMT defaults
  - 4.2.1 Overview and the .gmtdefaults4 file
  - 4.2.2 Changing GMT defaults
- 4.3 Command line arguments
- 4.4 Standardized command line options
- 4.5 Command line history
- 4.6 Usage messages, syntax- and general error messages
- 4.7 Standard input or file, header records
- 4.8 Verbose operation
- 4.9 Program output
- 4.10 Input data formats
- 4.11 Output data formats
- 4.12 PostScript features
- 4.13 Specifying pen attributes
- 4.14 Specifying area fill attributes
- 4.15 Color palette tables
  - 4.15.1 Categorical CPT files
  - 4.15.2 Regular CPT files
- 4.16 Character escape sequences
- 4.17 Grid file format specifications
- 4.18 Options for COARDS-compliant netCDF files
- 4.19 The NaN data value
5. GMT Coordinate Transformations
- 5.1 Cartesian transformations
- 5.2 Linear projection with polar ( $\theta , r$ ) coordinates (-Jp -JP)
6. GMT Map Projections
- 6.1 Conic projections
- 6.2 Azimuthal projections
- 6.3 Cylindrical projections
- 6.4 Miscellaneous projections
7. Cook-book
- 7.1 The making of contour maps
- 7.2 Image presentations
- 7.3 Spectral estimation and xy-plots
- 7.4 A 3-D perspective mesh plot
- 7.5 A 3-D illuminated surface in black and white
- 7.6 Plotting of histograms
- 7.7 A simple location map
- 7.8 A 3-D histogram
- 7.9 Plotting time-series along tracks
- 7.10 A geographical bar graph plot
- 7.11 Making a 3-D RGB color cube
- 7.12 Optimal triangulation of data
- 7.13 Plotting of vector fields
- 7.14 Gridding of data and trend surfaces
- 7.15 Gridding, contouring, and masking of unconstrained areas
- 7.16 Gridding of data, continued
- 7.17 Images clipped by coastlines
- 7.18 Volumes and Spatial Selections
- 7.19 Color patterns on maps
- 7.20 Custom plot symbols
- 7.21 Time-series of RedHat stock price
- 7.22 World-wide seismicity the last 7 days
- 7.23 All great-circle paths lead to Rome
- 7.24 Data selection based on geospatial criteria
- 7.25 Global distribution of antipodes
- 7.26 General vertical perspective projection
A. GMT supplemental packages
- A.1 dbase: gridded data extractor
- A.2 gshhs: GSHHS data extractor
- A.3 imgsrc: gridded altimetry extractor
- A.4 meca: seismology and geodesy symbols
- A.5 mex: Matlab/Octave-GMT interface
- A.6 mgd77: MGD77 extractor and plotting tools
- A.7 mgg: GMT-MGD77 extractor and plotting tools
- A.8 misc: posters, patterns, and digitizing
- A.9 segyprogs: Plotting SEGY seismic data
- A.10 spotter: backtracking and hotspotting
- A.11 x2sys: Track crossover error estimation
- A.12 x_system: Track crossover error estimation
- A.13 xgrid: visual editor for grid files
B. GMT file formats
- B.1 Table data
- B.2 Grid files
- B.3 Sun raster files
C. Including GMT graphics into your documents
- C.1 Making GMT Encapsulated PostScript Files
- C.2 Converting GMT PostScript to PDF or raster images
  - C.2.1 When converting or viewing PostScript goes awry
  - C.2.2 Using ps2raster
- C.3 Examples
  - C.3.1 GMT graphics in L^ATEX
  - C.3.2 GMT graphics in PowerPoint
- C.4 Concluding remarks
D. Availability of GMT and related code
- D.1 Source distribution
- D.2 Pre-compiled Executables
E. Predefined bit and hachure patterns in GMT
F. Chart of octal codes for characters
G. PostScript fonts used by GMT
H. Problems with display of GMT PostScript
- H.1 PostScript driver bugs
- H.2 Resolution and dots per inch
- H.3 European characters
- H.4 Hints
I. Color Space: The final frontier
- I.1 RGB color system
- I.2 HSV color system
- I.3 The color cube
- I.4 Color interpolation
- I.5 Artificial illumination
- I.6 Thinking in RGB or HSV
- I.7 CMYK color system
J. Filtering of data in GMT
K. The GMT High-Resolution Coastline Data
- K.1 Selecting the right data
- K.2 Format required by GMT
- K.3 The long and winding road
- K.4 The Five Resolutions
L. GMT on non-UNIX platforms
- L.1 Introduction
- L.2 Cygwin and GMT
- L.3 SFU and GMT
- L.4 DJGPP and GMT
- L.5 WIN32 and GMT
- L.6 OS/2 and GMT
- L.7 Mac OS and GMT
M. Of colors and color legends
- M.1 Built-in color palette tables
- M.2 Labeled and non-equidistant color legends
N. Custom Plot Symbols
O. Annotation of Contours and ``Quoted Lines''
- O.1 Label Placement
- O.2 Label Attributes
- O.3 Examples of Contour Label Placement
- O.4 Examples of Label Attributes
- O.5 Putting it all together
P. Special Operations
- P.1 Running GMT in isolation mode
- P.2 Using both GMT 3 and 4
Index
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Paul Wessel 2008-05-15